Cocoa
Theobroma cacao
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Quick Info
water
Requires 1500-2500mm rainfall, evenly distributed
spacing
3 m between trees
depth
3 cm deep (seeds) or root ball depth (seedlings)
sun
Shade essential, especially when young
season
Plant at start of wet season
frost
Cannot tolerate any frost - lowland crop only
height
4-8 metres (pruned to 3-4m)
gemination
10-14 days (fresh seed only)
sprout to harvest
3-5 years from planting
soil ph
5.0-6.5
soil type
Deep, well-drained, fertile loamy soil
fertilizer needs
Moderate NPK, high organic matter
About
Cocoa is a major export crop for PNG, grown primarily in the lowland coastal areas of East Sepik, Bougainville, East New Britain, and Madang provinces. PNG produces fine flavour cocoa highly valued in the international chocolate market. Smallholder farmers are the backbone of the industry.
Health Benefits
Rich in flavonoid antioxidants, iron, magnesium, and manganese. Cocoa powder and dark chocolate support cardiovascular health. Contains theobromine for mild stimulation.
Market Requirements
Beans must be properly fermented (5-7 days) and dried to 7-8% moisture. Well-fermented beans are brown inside with no purple or grey. Sell to licensed buyers or cooperatives.